Oh, Beer, What Can the Matter Be?

PFAS: "Forever Chemicals" in Beer

A study published in Environmental Science & Technology by researchers at RTI International found that 95% of 23 beers tested from various U.S. regions contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as "forever chemicals." These synthetic compounds are linked to health issues such as cancer, liver damage, and immune system dysfunction. The contamination is believed to originate from municipal water supplies used in brewing, especially in areas with known PFAS pollution like North Carolina’s Cape Fear River Basin and St. Louis County, Missouri .Fox News+7New York Post+7People.com+7People.com+1New York Post+1

Standard water filtration systems in breweries are often ineffective at removing PFAS, highlighting the need for improved water treatment strategies both at municipal and brewery levels. FOX 13 Tampa Bay+7People.com+7New York Post+7

Microplastics in Beer

Research from the University of Minnesota revealed that beers brewed with water from the Great Lakes contained microplastic particles. These tiny plastic fragments, originating from various sources like synthetic fabrics and industrial waste, have been detected in tap water, sea salt, and beer. While the health implications are still being studied, the ubiquity of microplastics in consumables is a growing concern . Bring Me The News+2WPR+2School of Public Health+2

Arsenic from Filtration Processes

Another study identified that the use of diatomaceous earth (kieselguhr) as a filtration aid in beer production can introduce arsenic into the final product. This naturally occurring substance, used to clarify beer, can leach arsenic into the beverage, sometimes exceeding safe consumption levels. Although the risk is considered low, it underscores the importance of monitoring and controlling filtration materials in brewing. Chemistry World+3shimadzu-webapp.eu+3EurekAlert!+3

Implications for Consumers and Brewers

These findings emphasize the critical role of water quality in beer production. For consumers, it highlights the importance of being informed about the sources of their beverages. For brewers, especially those sourcing water from areas with known contaminants, it underscores the need for advanced filtration systems and regular testing to ensure product safety.

As awareness grows, it's anticipated that both regulatory bodies and the brewing industry will take steps to address these issues, ensuring that beer remains a safe and enjoyable beverage for all.

Summary / Conclusion

Recent research has uncovered concerning levels of contaminants—such as PFAS ("forever chemicals"), microplastics, and arsenic—in beer, largely originating from the water used during the brewing process. These substances pose potential health risks, including cancer, immune dysfunction, and toxic buildup in the body. While most beers still fall within acceptable safety limits, the findings highlight the need for stricter water quality monitoring, improved filtration methods, and greater transparency from breweries. For consumers, staying informed about where and how their beer is made can help ensure they enjoy their favorite beverage with confidence. As awareness grows, both brewers and regulators are expected to take further steps to address and mitigate these risks.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

About Chemicals from Water Contaminating Beer

1. What chemicals have been found in beer from water contamination?
Studies have identified PFAS ("forever chemicals"), microplastics, and arsenic as contaminants present in some commercially available beers due to polluted water sources and certain brewing processes.

2. What are PFAS and why are they a concern?
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are synthetic chemicals used in products like nonstick cookware and firefighting foam. They persist in the environment and the human body and have been linked to cancer, immune system issues, and liver damage.

3. How do PFAS end up in beer?
PFAS enter the beer through the municipal water supplies used by breweries, especially in regions with contaminated rivers or groundwater. Standard filtration systems often fail to remove them effectively.

4. Are microplastics also found in beer?
Yes. Studies, particularly from the University of Minnesota, have shown microplastic particles in beers brewed with Great Lakes water. These particles come from sources like synthetic fabrics and industrial runoff.

5. What health risks do microplastics pose?
The full health impact is still under investigation, but microplastics are suspected to cause cellular damage, inflammation, and may serve as carriers for toxic chemicals.

6. How does arsenic get into beer?
Arsenic can leach into beer from diatomaceous earth, a filtering material used during brewing. If not properly managed, this can lead to elevated arsenic levels in the final product.

7. Is beer still safe to drink?
In most cases, yes. Contaminant levels found are typically low, but ongoing research and better brewing practices are crucial. Consumers may wish to check for breweries that use advanced water purification or source water from safe regions.

8. What can breweries do to ensure beer safety?
Breweries should:

• Use reverse osmosis or activated carbon filtration systems

• Regularly test water quality

• Avoid or monitor materials like diatomaceous earth for arsenic leaching

• Stay informed on local water system reports

9. Are there specific regions more affected by these contaminants?
Yes. Areas such as the Cape Fear River Basin (North Carolina) and parts of Missouri have shown higher PFAS levels. Similarly, regions drawing water from large bodies like the Great Lakes may be at risk for microplastics.

10. Should I switch to bottled or craft beer to avoid contamination?
Not necessarily. Contamination depends on the water source and filtration methods, not the beer type. It's best to look for breweries that are transparent about their water treatment processes.